Improvement in ventilating cars



UNITED STATES,

PATENT rroa EDWAED C. IBBOTSON, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

`IMPROVEMENT IN VENTILATING CARS.

, Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 175,990, dated April 1l, 18,76 application led February 2d, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWARD C. lBBo'rsoN, of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ventilating Railroad Passenger-Gars, of which the following is a specication: A

This invention has reference to improvements 011 railroad passenger-cars, to provide the same with a more suitable current of air for Ventilating than by any of those means at present in use.

In ventilating all spaces, no matter for what purpose they are, whether it be a room, car, building, Src., two things are in all cases needed-i. e., a good inlet, andan equally good outlet, by which the air can circulate. Should either of these be deficient, the excellence of the other, no matter how great, will be confined in a great measure to the capacity of the poorer of the two. My invention therefore particularly consists in the combination of the inlet and the outlet, hereinafter described.

In the drawing hereunto annexed similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, and Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a car with my invention; Fig. 2, a transverse section of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detail of Fig. 2.

Letter a is the body of the car; b, the lower roof 5 and c the elevated roof. d are the platforms at the end of the car, and e the extensions of roof over platforms. f are the ends of the car, and gthe doors. These are all constructed and arranged as at present in use. In the lower portion of the extension e of the roof c I place diaphragnis of wire or other tine gauze or sieve work, as indicated by the dotted lines h, extending from one side of the car to the other, or a less amount, if desired, in which ease the sides of the space not covered by sieve-work will be partitioned ott', so that all the air coming into the spaces i will have to pass through the ganzes h. In the ends of the car f, above the door, I form a suflcient opening, lc, for the air passing through the gauze h to enter the car. These openings I prefer to make rectangular, and I provide' them with doors l, pivoted on their center, so that by rotating them on their pivots the openings k can be closed or not, as desired. These doors will be provided with the ordinary means for securingthem in any desired position, so that from being shut they may be set to regulate or cause an opening ot any extent up to being fully opened. This is at present partially in use. m are cowls, situated on the roof b, beside the elevated roof c, one at each corner of the car, being provided of sufficient capacity to allow the desired amount of air to pass, arranged to act in turning their openings from the wind in the ordinary manner. In Fig. 2 the cowl is shown set intothe root' b, through a flat seat, n', making up for the difference of the circular form of the root', the flange o of the cowl resting fairly on the seat a. The construction of this cowl is more clearly shown in Fig. 2. 'lo the top of the cylinder p are attached the iiange-ring o and uprights q, united at the top by a ring, r. s and t are diametricalstays,placed as shown in the drawings, forcarrying the spindle u. The upper part of this serves as a pivot for the cowl, while the body is screwed, as delineated. It will be seen by Fig. 2 that the roof ofthe cowl has two bearings, one at a2 and one at a3, the cross-strap inside of cowl resting upon washer u1. which keeps the cowl steady and clear of the upright-s q. Upon the screwed part of spindle uis placed a nut, o, having a disk, w, of suitable'size to oovervthe opening at the top of the cylinder p attached to it. This disk is also provided with notches to let in the uprights q, which serve as further guides or steadiments for it. a: is a small crank and handle for revolving the spindle u. In doing this the disk w may be raised to give the full area for passage of air through the cylinderp, or it may be lowered to entirely obstruct it. It will be seen that it is unnecessary to place the diametrical stays below the flange-ring o, and that the cylinder p, as here given, is not necessary, and the crank :vwould then be placed at flange-ring o. y are diaphragms, situated as shown in Fig. l, extending from the elevated roof down to about the level shown. These diaphragms may consist of curtains to draw on side or end rods, or any other similar device', may be used. The

means by which these diaphragms may be made removable are so various and so common that it is useless further to explain them.

The operation of the invention vis as follows: We will suppose the car to loe moving in the direction indicatedlby the arrows above Fig. l; therefore the left hand of the igure will be the front of the car. Whenever ven- Jfilation is desired I open the door 7c at=-the front of the car, I close the cowls m at the front of the car by lowering the disks w, and open the cowls at the rear ofthe car. In this manner the inlet is at h, at the front of the ear, andthe outlet is at m', in the rear of the car. By thediaphragms y the current of air is thrown downward, as .indicated by. the arrows, within the car, causing a completel and gentle current of air throughout. `The air entering thronghthe gauze h is, by the large dat surface of the end of the car, assisted by the velocity of the car, or, in other words, a pressure is created to cause it to enter. Again, by the openings of the cowls being turned the reverse way to the wind a great tension or suction is created to draw out the air, and this is considered a very important feature of the whole invention, and which renders the inlet system of more eEect. By reducing or removing the daphragms y, the current of air will follow more closely to the roof, the diaphragms h excluding the particles of' dust. In case of dust, rain, or snowstorms, and the car coming to a stand, as at a depot or other stopping-place, the cowls will at once turn round to bring their openings to the opposite side to which the wind strikes them, and thus exclude the dust, rain, or snow, which would not be the case if they were fixed as in the ordinary ventilators used on cars. p

I do not claim the inlet, consisting of diaphragm h, opening 7c, and pivoted door l.

Havingthus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The inlet7 consisting of diaphragm h, opening k, with or without diaphragms y, in combination with outlet consisting of cowls lm, all constructed, arranged, and operated substantially as described.,

EDWARD G. IBBOTSON.

Witnesses:

F. H. SCUDDER, CLARENCE M. HENDRLCK. 

